Vehicle-tire.



M. G. OVERMAN.

VEHICLE TIRE. APPLICATION 11,511 NOV.4.1911.

AttGSt:

@Lzaqe/ W4 Patented Mar. 25, 1913.

Atty outrun sra'ras lqfENT carton.

max canoe ovnmaan, or new roan, N. v.

VEHICLE-TIRE.

Application filed November 4, 1911. Serial No. 658,459

T all whom it may concern: I

Be it known. that 1, MAX CYRUS OVER- MAN, a citizen of the United States, resid- To give increased lateral fie ribilityto the gitudinally flexible.

My present improvement-s combined With those of my aforesaid co-pending application result in a tire wherein I control the flange-free sidewalls to make them do their work as far as possible by endvvise, that is, vertical compressions with prevention of unnecessary bending; and when it comes to the lateral andlongitudinal bending which the tire in action is compelled to do. 1 control it also by distributing said bending to every part of the side Wallsand the halves of the nose of the tire, and make it occur on long non-abruptly curved lines from rim to tread as distinguished from permitting said bending to be uncontrolled and to concentrate at isolated points in the side Walls or the nose of the tire, or both, and on such abrupt or deformed lines that the tire in action tends to overheat and break.

The advantage of my present improvements is marked, for, Whereas the specific tire shown in Figure 1 in my aforesaid copending application tended after long usage to overheat and break along lines similar to those designated 15 in Fig. 2 of my present application, my present improvements prevent this and greatly extend the life of the tire. These and other features and advantages of my improvements will be understood by those skilled in the art from the following description in connection with the Speeifieation'of ll'ietters Patent.

eriagshis feature, but the drive is delivered Patented-Mar. 25,, 1913.

REiSU Elli drawings, wherein only one speci c embodiment of my invention is attempted to be shown.

Fig. 1 is a side elevation of a complete the Within my invention; Fig. '2 is an enlarged transversesection on the line 2-2 in Fig.1 looking in the direction of the an row, and is somewhat less than onehalf the natural size of atire suitable for an average weight automobile; Fig. 3 is a View looking down upon the tread of a fragmer'it of the same tire; Fig. 4 is a perspective'view of a fragment of the sametire; Fig. 5 is a transverse sectional view of the tire in a neutral or unloaded condition clamped to the telly, and Figs. 6, 7 and 8 show the same tire under the various extents oil. vertical compression indicated in the respective figures.

I will now describe the tire and devices of the drawings. The words under and over and similar expressions refer to the tire when positioned as in Fig. 2.

7 is the flange-engaged base portion of the tire, 8 the flange-free, upright, steeply converging, straight as distinguished from bowed, thick side Walls inclosing the V'- shaped longitudinal opening" 1. between them and connecting the aforesaidbase portion with the deep nose portion 9 which extends across the apex of the tire opening and under the side Walls 8, and Whose bottom is the tread of the tire delivering the vertical thrusts from the tread up under the Walls 8, so that the halves of the nose firmly support and uphold the aforesaid side-Walls of the tire. The base portion of the tire overhangs the topof the V-shaped opening and is there longitudinally divided so as to provide the clamping portions 3 for engagement by the clamping means, all sub stantially as set forth in my aforesaid copending application Serial No. 597,646.

4 is the rim or felly to whose sides are bolted the annular converging flanges 5. In each half of the base of the tire over the side walls 8 is a longitudinal series of rectangular sockets 6, the sockets of the two series being staggered relative to each other. These sockets receive intothem correspond ingly positioned rectangularprojections 66 on the telly. this construction the tire is notonly Well secured to the wheel as set forth in my co--. ehding application Serial No'.:5 l9,952, file September 18, l9].1.-covby the blocks 66 directly over and to the legs of'the tire, comprising the base portions eat the tire, the flange-tree side walls and therespective halves of the nose. 4

. Like the tireof my application'Serial-No. 597,646, the noseof my present tire has a deep longitudinal groove 10 extending up into it from the tread under the apex of the \i-shaped opening-.1, but I have here made it so much deeper that I have been obliged to provide at intervals transverse webs 11 connecting the sides of the groove to pre-- vent its deepness from making the halves of the nose too fiexihle'near the tread.

The drawings show the groove 10 extending from the tread about one-half the distanceto the apex of the opening 1 and While it can be extended deeper than this, there is obviously a limit to the lateral flexibility obtainable in this Way. But I secure still further lateral flexibilit by means of the transverse spaces 12 Which extend at intervals from the tread groove' through each half of the nose toward its sides, which these spaces preferably (men through or penetrate as shown. By frebfnently interrupting the length of each half of the nose, these spaces 12' convert each of said halves from a solid wall which is laterally unyielding except as a Whole, into a plurality of spaced apart portions 14 which are individually yielding and therefore makeeach half of the nose as a Whole much more freely flexible in lateral directions. Further, these spaces 12 are adapted to be extended, as shown, up under the side walls 8 so as to give a deeper flexibility to the nose than is attainable by the tread groove alone. Preferably, the transverse spaces 12 that extend from one side of the tread groove alternate with those. extending from the other side as shown in the drawings, which further show the individual webs 11 located between consecutive spaces 12. Thus, the longitudinal groove and the transverse spaces combine to ive each half of the nose a Well distributed lateral flexibility, which isin natural continuation of th lateral flexibility of the side Walls 8, so t at the legs of the tire are compelled to d their lateral bending Work on long easy lnes which are not destructive thereto. Similarly, the tread groove and the spaces 12 combine to give very necessary longitudinal flexibility to each half of the nose of the tire innatural continuation of the longitudinal flexibility of the side Walls 8, so that the legs of the tire are likewise compelled to do their longitudinal bending work on long easy lines which are not destructivs thereto.

as the car starts and stops or changes speeds or encounters obstacles.

memes etc. Described in other language, the tread groove and the transverse spaces constitute portions removed from the nose extending deeply up into it irom the tread WillCl'l Weaken it untending up under said side walls in the form of frequently occurring transverse spaces which give it longitudinal as. \vell, increased lateral flexibility.

it should be noted that the halves of the nose under.the side Walls must not be too flexible either laterally or longitudinally, so as to distort or buckle or perhaps collapse under the load, any more than too inflexible, since in both cases the tendency is to isolate the bending points of the legs of the tire as Well as to make the bends too abrupt or dis tor-ted. It has already been explained how the transverse webs l1 prevent the deep tread groove from making the two halves of the nose of the tire too flexible near the tread. Similarly, to prevent the transverse spaces 12 from making the halves of the nosetoo flexible longitudinally, I prefer to let them extend. through the sides of the nose only toward the tread and not at the closed ends or tops of said spaces.

Figs. 5 to 8 inclusive show a section of the tire of my present invention first at neutral or no compression, and then at the increasing extents of vertical compression indicated under the respective figures, and they illustrate how my present improvements, While contributing their oivn marked advantages, nevertheless havenot changed those characteristics that are so advantageous 'in the tire of my copending application Serial No. 597,646.

In the drawings, the profile lines 9 of the nose are seen to round outwardly slightlyfrom the outer sides or the Walls 8 and then inwardly to the tread. This does not impair the proper working of the tire as the compression Figs. 5 to 8 show, and has the advantage over the sharp-cm-nercd tire of my application 597,646, in making it easier for the tire to get in and out ol car lra't'zlcs and ruts.

The continuous flexibility both longitudinal and lateral ottho legs of my tire from rim to tread has a further advantage in that the bending of said absorbs the force of sudden starts, stops, changes of S1)(!O(l, swcrving, etc. and, in general, prevents it from being delivered to the tread to a suiliciont extent to cause the tire and vehicle to slide or skid. Reversely, the legs oi the tire by their described flexibility are 01 course equally etl'ectivc in the absm-ptimi of shocks coming from the tread upwardly toward the rim due to encouuterine road-obslmrlcs. etc.

The expression bending collapse in the claims means not only an actual collapse but also the tendencv toward collapse showing in s buckling or like distortion of porting ports of the tire.

What .l claim is: v 1. A new articleof manufacture, a cushion tire which hollow by means of a longitudinal opening having a V-shape ltrensverse section whose base is at the flangeengaged portion of the tire and whose apex extends toward the tread well below said. flange-engaged portion, said tire having thick upright side walls at the sidesot said opening and it deep nose portion extending across the apex of said opening and across the lower ends of said walls, said nose portion having a bottom with a wide groundcontact-delivering' the vertical thrusts from the tread well under said side Walls, shid nose having portions removed therefrom extending deeply up into it from the trend whichwcaken it under the apex portion of the V-shapcd opening and give it lateral flexibility under the side walls of the tire, said removed portions further extending up under said side walls in the form of fre-. quently occurring transverse spaces which give'the nose longitudinal as well as increased lateral flexibility.

2. A new articleoi manufacture, a cushion tire which is hollow by means of a longi tudinsl opening" having a V-shaped transverse section whose base is at the dungeongagged portion of the tire and whose apex extends toward the tread well below said flange-engaged portion, said tire having thick upright side walls at the sides of said opening and it deep nose portion extending across the apex of said opening and across the lower ends or said walls, said nose portion having a bottom with a wide grouncl contnct delivering the vertical thrusts from the trend well under said side walls, said nose portion having a deep longitudinal groove extending up into it from the tread under the apex portion of the longitudinal opening, the sides of said groove being connected at intervals by transverse webs and eachlmll": of said nose portion having frequently occurring transverse spaces which extend up' under the side walls of the tire from the trend and the sides of the tread groove.

the sup- 3. A new article of manufacture, a cusllion tire which is hollow by means of a longitudinal opening having a V-shapcd transverse section whose base is at the flange-engaged portion of the tire and whose apex extends toward the tread well below said flange-engaged portion, said tire having thick upright side walls at the sides of said opening and a deepncse portion extending across the apex of said opening and across the lower ends of said walls, said nose portion having a bottom with a wide groundnected at intervals by transverse webs and each half of said nose portion having'frc quentlyoccurring transverse spaces which extend up under the side walls-of the tire from the tread and the sides of the tread 'roove, the spaces in one half-of thenose being staggered relative to the spaces in the other half, and the aforesaid webs being located between consecutive spaces.

4. A hollow cushion tire com rising the combination of flsnge-free, thic substantially straight side walls which stee ly cam verge toward the tread inolosing lietweeh them the longitudinall extending tire-hollow of av small triangu or cross section, said combination further comprising a wide, deep, substantial nose portion extending across the hollow of the tire in firm su porting ground-contact under said wa s, the legs of said tire from tread to rim sup porting the load by their vertical compression with accompanying thickenin but without bending collapse, and the out ine of the compressed tire remaining substanticll like the uncompressed tire, said nose being longitudinally deepl weakened providing laterally flexible hsl ves under said walls, and sand halves being transversely deeply weakened, making each of-them longitudinally flexible. a

5. A hollow cushion tire comprising the combination of flange-free walls containing the hollow'of the tire between them and supporting the loallhy their vertical oompression with accompanying thickening but without. bending collapse, and a wide, deep, substantial nose portion extending horizontally across the hollow of the tire in firm sup orting ground-contact under said walls,

sai nose being longitudinally deepl -weakened providing laterally flexible ha ves under said walls, and each'half being trans-' versely deeply weakenedmaking said halves longitudinally flexible, said halves also, like the walls, supporting the load by their ver* tical compression with accom anying thickeni'ng but without bending co lapse.

6. A hollow cushion tire com rising the combination of flange-free wal s containing the holl NJ of the tire between them and supporting the load by their vertical com.- pression with accompanying thickening butwithout bending collapse, and a wide, deep, substantial nose ort-ion extending horizontally across the liollow of the tire in firm support-in groundcontact under said Walls, smd nose icing longitudinally deeply weakened providing lcterally flemble halves un der said walls, and eachv half being transe versely deeply weakened making said halves longitudinally flexible, said halves also, like the walls, supporting the load by their ver-, 'tieal compression with accompanying thickin i 7, 1A hollow cushion tire comprising the combination of flange-free walls containing f L hbllow of the tire between them and suping the load by I their vertical eomession with accompanying thickening but thouthending collapse, and a wide, deep, istanti al nose ortion' extending horizon- 1y across the hollow of the tire in firm iporti-n' ound-oontact under said I 3.. noisezlve ng longitudinally deeply walls, weaksubstantially to thelower ends of the longitudinally flexible,'said halves also, likethe'walls, supporting the.load by their vertical compression withaccompanying' thickening but Without bending collapse, said transverse weakenings extendininp more enmg and deeply than the longitudinal wea of the tire, said transverse weakenings extending through the sides ofthe nose portion but only do so near the tread.

In testimon whereof I aflix my signature in presence 0 vtwo witnesses.

MAX-CYRUS OVERMAN. Witnesses: W. Scmmn, Jr., WILLIAM R.-BA1BD.

walls 

